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Sempron 64 3400 + Memory What is Cache? That is Turbocache

A cache is a memory that stores a set of data for quick access. There are many caches (disk, system , Including data, such as Google's cache), but in this tutorial we will focus on the processor cache .

Basically, memory cache of a processor is a type of volatile memory (RAM type), but with great speed.

Currently this memory is integrated into the processor, and its task is to store a set of instructions and data to continuously access the processor, in order that these hits are instant. These instructions and data are those to which the processor needs to be accessed continuously, so that processor performance it is essential that this access as quickly and smoothly as possible.

There are three different types of cache for processors:

1st level cache (L1):

This cache is integrated into the processor core, working as fast as this. The amount of L1 cache varies from one processor to another, and is usually enters the 64KB and 256KB. This memory is often in turn be divided into two parties involved, one for instructions and one for data.

2nd level cache (L2): Built

also in the process, although not directly in the heart of this, has the same advantages as the L1 cache, but is somewhat slower than this. The L2 cache is usually larger than L1 cache, but could exceed 2MB.
Unlike the L1 cache, this is not divided, and its use is more aimed at the system programs.

3rd level cache (L3):

is a type of cache L2 slower than the little used today.

Initially this cache was incorporated into the motherboard, not the processor, and access speed was considerably slower than a level 2 cache 1, because if it remains a memory of a rapidly (very higher than the RAM, and much more in the time it was used) depends on the communication between the processor and motherboard.

To get a better idea of \u200b\u200bthis, imagine at one extreme the processor and other memory Ram. Well, between the two is the cache, the faster the closer you are the core of the processor (L1).

caches are extremely fast (the speed is about 5 times higher than one of the fastest RAM), with the added advantage of having no latency, so that their access has no bearing ... but it is a very expensive type of memory.
This, coupled with its integration into the processor (either directly in the core or not) rather limited size, on one side so expensive to the processor and the other for space.

Regarding the use of multi core processors L2 cache, there are two different types of technologies to be applied.

On one side is the one usually used by Intel, which is that the total L2 cache is accessible by both cores and the other is used by AMD, in which each core has its own dedicated L2 cache only for that nucleus.

L2 cache first appeared in the Intel Pentium Pro, then being built by Intel Pentium II, although in that case not the processor package, but outside (but within the processor.)


image of a Pentium II, in which chips are the level 2 cache Mamori

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